{"id":8530490,"date":"2016-03-27T22:34:32","date_gmt":"2016-03-27T20:34:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/2016\/03\/27\/menetelo_vakhalak"},"modified":"2016-03-27T22:34:32","modified_gmt":"2016-03-27T20:34:32","slug":"menetelo_vakhalak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/?p=8530490","title":{"rendered":"Menetel\u0151 vakhalak"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/m.blog.hu\/cr\/criticalbiomass\/post-image\/2016\/03\/25zimmer-gif-articlelarge.gif\" alt=\"25zimmer-gif-articlelarge.gif\" class=\"imgnotext\" \/><\/p>\n<p>A blogon meg\u00e1talkodott rajong\u00f3i vagyunk a vak halfajoknak, \u00e9s ha \u00e9pp nem a <a href=\"http:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/tags\/astyanax\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mexik\u00f3i vaklazacr\u00f3l <\/a>\u00edrunk, akkor is \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban <a href=\"http:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/2016\/01\/10\/sinocyclocheilus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vakm\u00e1rn\u00e1k<\/a> \u00e9s t\u00e1rsaik evo-devos kontextusait boncolgatjuk. Ebb\u0151l a szempontb\u00f3l egy\u00e1ltal\u00e1n nem meglep\u0151 h\u00e1t, ha ezek egyik d\u00e9lkelet-\u00e1zsiai kolleg\u00e1j\u00e1r\u00f3l, a\u00a0<i>Cryptotora thamicola<\/i>-r\u00f3l \u00edrunk &#8211; ami tal\u00e1n m\u00e9gis az, a kontextus: ugyanis nem a szem elveszt\u00e9s\u00e9nek fejl\u0151d\u00e9si-evol\u00faci\u00f3s hogyanj\u00e1t boncolgatjuk, hanem a halak mozg\u00e1s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p>Ezek a Thaf\u00f6ld \u00e9szaki r\u00e9sz\u00e9n,\u00a0<span>Tham Maelana \u00e9s\u00a0Tham Susa karsztform\u00e1ci\u00f3iban \u00e9l\u0151 halak ugyanis eg\u00e9sz k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges m\u00f3don k\u00f6zlekednek: v\u00edzesesek meredek falain m\u00e1sznak felfele (a fenti k\u00e9psorok is azt mutatj\u00e1k, amint a halak vadul igyekszenek a v\u00edzfoly\u00e1s ir\u00e1ny\u00e1ba). Mozg\u00e1suk megd\u00f6bbent\u0151en hasonl\u00edt egy szalamandra mozg\u00e1s\u00e1hoz \u00e9s ehhez m\u00f3dosult a csontozatuk is: a medenc\u00e9j\u00fck egyes jellegeiben a n\u00e9gyl\u00e1b\u00faak (Tetrapoda) medenc\u00e9j\u00e9re eml\u00e9keztet, a konvergens evol\u00faci\u00f3 remek p\u00e9ld\u00e1jak\u00e9nt.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><span>A <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep23711\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Scientific Reports<\/em>-ban megjelent cikk<\/a>\u00a0szerz\u0151i hosszan elemzik a\u00a0<em>Cryptora<\/em> csontozat\u00e1nak k\u00fcl\u00f6nlegess\u00e9g\u00e9t: m\u00edg a legt\u00f6bb csontoshal eset\u00e9ben a medence teljesen szabadon tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 a bord\u00e1kt\u00f3l, addig itt a k\u00e9t r\u00e9sze a Tetrapoda\u00a0f\u00fcggeszt\u0151\u00f6vh\u00f6z hasonl\u00f3an \u00f6sszeolvadt \u00e1llapotban tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/m.blog.hu\/cr\/criticalbiomass\/post-image\/2016\/03\/pelvic_gridle.jpg\" alt=\"pelvic_gridle.jpg\" class=\"imgnotext open-in-modal\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Ez pedig nem v\u00e9letlen, hanem nagyon is \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9sben lehet az \u00e1llat mozg\u00e1s\u00e1val. Eleve, az \u00e1llat teljes gerincoszlopa, az egyes csigoly\u00e1k morfol\u00f3gi\u00e1ja olyan, hogy az kifejezetten alkalmas az \u00e1llat test\u00faly\u00e1nak megtart\u00e1s\u00e1ra (f\u00e9l)sz\u00e1razf\u00f6ldi k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt. Az \u00f6sszeolvadt borda\/medence k\u00e9plet pedig tipikusan az, ami lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a test megtart\u00e1s\u00e1t \u00e9s a h\u00e1ts\u00f3 v\u00e9gtagok koordin\u00e1lt mozg\u00e1s\u00e1t. Ennek a mozg\u00e1snak lehetnek a tan\u00fai\u00a0a\u00a0fenti k\u00e9pen lil\u00e1val jel\u00f6lt csontos k\u00e9pletek (im), amelyek olyan izomk\u00f6zi csontosod\u00e1sok lehetnek &#8211; a szerz\u0151k felt\u00e9telez\u00e9se szerint &#8211; amik\u00a0a mechanikus stressz k\u00f6vetkezt\u00e9ben j\u00f6ttek l\u00e9tre.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e9g \u00e9rdekesebb tal\u00e1n a mozg\u00e1s kinematik\u00e1ja: a\u00a0<em>Cryptotora\u00a0<\/em>ui. egy\u00e1ltal\u00e1n nem mutatja a halakra jellemz\u0151 hull\u00e1mz\u00f3 mozg\u00e1st, hanem kifejezetten v\u00e1ltott l\u00e9p\u00e9st mutat. Ezzel t\u00e9nyleg unik\u00e1lis, hiszen m\u00edg m\u00e1s f\u00e9lsz\u00e1raz k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek k\u00f6zt mozg\u00f3 halak (pl. g\u00e9bek, t\u00fcd\u0151shalak, stb.) \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban a farkukkal hajtj\u00e1k magukat el\u0151re, ez az \u00e1llat a h\u00e1ts\u00f3 v\u00e9gtagjait is felhaszn\u00e1lva l\u00f6ki mag\u00e1t el\u0151re, a Tetrapod\u00e1kn\u00e1l is j\u00f3l bev\u00e1lt szekvenci\u00e1val: a jobb els\u0151 \u00e9s bal h\u00e1ts\u00f3 v\u00e9gtag mozdul egyszerre, majd ezt k\u00f6veti a bal els\u0151 \u00e9s jobb h\u00e1ts\u00f3 v\u00e9gtag.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/m.blog.hu\/cr\/criticalbiomass\/post-image\/2016\/03\/cryptotora_prints.jpg\" alt=\"cryptotora_prints.jpg\" class=\"imgnotext\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Mindez nagyon eml\u00e9keztet arra, amit a <a href=\"http:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/2006\/04\/06\/egy_kis_lepes_egy_halnak_de_egy_hatalmas_ugras_a_gerinceseknek\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sz\u00e1razf\u00f6ldre kimer\u00e9szked\u0151\u00a0<em>Tiktaalik<\/em>-hoz<\/a> hasonl\u00f3 \u0151si gerincesek mozg\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l gondolunk, illletve\u00a0azokra a korai &#8222;l\u00e1bnyomokra&#8221;, amelyeket <a href=\"http:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/2010\/01\/07\/a_nyomok_a_lengyelekhez_vezetnek\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hat \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt \u00edrtak le<\/a> Lengyelorsz\u00e1gban. Azaz ez a fajta mozg\u00e1s az evol\u00faci\u00f3 sor\u00e1n, a sz\u00e1razf\u00f6ldh\u00f6z val\u00f3 adapt\u00e1ci\u00f3kor t\u00f6bbsz\u00f6r is kialakult, egym\u00e1st\u00f3l teljesen f\u00fcggetlen csoportokban.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>(<em>Az els\u0151 anigif a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/03\/25\/science\/researchers-find-fish-that-walks-the-way-land-vertebrates-do.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NYTimes honlapj\u00e1r\u00f3l<\/a> sz\u00e1rmazik.<\/em>)<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span size=\"1\" style=\"font-size: xx-small;\"> <b>Flammang BE, Suvarnaraksha A, Markiewicz J, Soares D<\/b> (2016) Tetrapod-like pelvic girdle in a walking cavefish. <i>Sci Rep<\/i> <b>6<\/b>: 23711. doi: 10.1038\/srep23711. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A blogon meg\u00e1talkodott rajong\u00f3i vagyunk a vak halfajoknak, \u00e9s ha \u00e9pp nem a mexik\u00f3i vaklazacr\u00f3l \u00edrunk, akkor is \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban vakm\u00e1rn\u00e1k \u00e9s t\u00e1rsaik evo-devos kontextusait boncolgatjuk. Ebb\u0151l a szempontb\u00f3l egy\u00e1ltal\u00e1n nem meglep\u0151 h\u00e1t, ha ezek egyik d\u00e9lkelet-\u00e1zsiai kolleg\u00e1j\u00e1r\u00f3l, a\u00a0Cryptotora thamicola-r\u00f3l \u00edrunk &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/?p=8530490\">Egy kattint\u00e1s ide a folytat\u00e1shoz&#8230;. <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8530490","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-evolucio","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8530490","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8530490"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8530490\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8530490"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8530490"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8530490"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}