{"id":7253503,"date":"2015-03-09T13:54:14","date_gmt":"2015-03-09T12:54:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/2015\/03\/09\/a_vilag_legnagyobb_elolenyei"},"modified":"2015-03-09T13:54:14","modified_gmt":"2015-03-09T12:54:14","slug":"a_vilag_legnagyobb_elolenyei","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/?p=7253503","title":{"rendered":"Azok a csod\u00e1latos gomb\u00e1k &#8211; A vil\u00e1g legnagyobb \u00e9l\u0151l\u00e9nye"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"imgright\" style=\"margin-left: 5px;\" src=\"http:\/\/m.cdn.blog.hu\/cr\/criticalbiomass\/post-image\/2015\/03\/armillaria_ostoyae.jpg\" alt=\"armillaria_ostoyae.jpg\" height=\"162\" width=\"209\" \/>1998-ig egy 33,5 m\u00e9teres, 200 tonn\u00e1s b\u00e1lna illetve egy 115 m\u00e9teres v\u00f6r\u00f6sfeny\u0151 osztozott a vil\u00e1g ma is \u00e9l\u0151 legnagyobb \u00e9l\u0151l\u00e9nye cimen, att\u00f3l f\u00fcgg\u0151en, hogy a magass\u00e1got vagy a t\u00f6meget vett\u00e9k alapul a nagys\u00e1g meg\u00e1llapit\u00e1sakor. \u00c1m tizenh\u00e9t \u00e9ve leirtak egy olyan gombaegyedet, ami Oregon 10 n\u00e9gyzetkilom\u00e9ternyi ter\u00fclet\u00e9t foglalja el, \u00e9s ezzel \u00e1tvette a vezet\u00e9st a nagys\u00e1gi list\u00e1n. (Csak \u00f6sszehasonlit\u00e1sk\u00e9ppen, a kisv\u00e1ros, ahol \u00e9lek, 23 km<sup>2 <\/sup>alapter\u00fclet\u0171.) A genetikai vizsg\u00e1latok alapj\u00e1n az <em>Armillaria ostoyae<\/em> (<span><strong>s\u00f6t\u00e9tpikkelyes tusk\u00f3gomba<\/strong> &#8211; a jobb oldali k\u00e9pen<\/span>) fajba tartoz\u00f3 egyed legal\u00e1bb k\u00e9t \u00e9s f\u00e9lezer \u00e9ves, \u00e9s am\u00fagy <span>a faront\u00f3 gomb\u00e1k k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartozik, a vele kapcsolatban \u00e1ll\u00f3 f\u00e1k gy\u00f6ker\u00e9t t\u00e1madja meg. <\/span>A gigantikus gombaegyed val\u00f3j\u00e1ban gombafonalak (<strong>hif\u00e1k<\/strong>) f\u00f6ld alatti h\u00e1l\u00f3zata (ezt hivj\u00e1k a mikol\u00f3gusok <strong>mic\u00e9liumnak &#8211; <\/strong>l\u00e1sd a lenti \u00e1br\u00e1n), ami a k\u00f6rnyez\u0151 f\u00e1k gy\u00f6kereit k\u00f6ti \u00f6ssze.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span>A gombafonalak sz\u00f6ved\u00e9ke, a mic<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"imgleft\" style=\"margin-right: 5px;\" src=\"http:\/\/m.cdn.blog.hu\/cr\/criticalbiomass\/post-image\/2015\/03\/micelium.jpg\" alt=\"micelium.jpg\" height=\"158\" width=\"252\" \/>\u00e9lium egy igencsak \u00e9rdekes k\u00e9pz\u0151dm\u00e9ny. Egyr\u00e9szt a fonalak a v\u00e9geiken k\u00e9pesek csak n\u00f6vekedni, itt azonban k\u00e9pz\u0151dhetnek elgaz\u00e1sok is. M\u00e1sr\u00e9szt pedig a bazidiumos gomb\u00e1k (a legt\u00f6bb ismert, term\u0151testet hoz\u00f3 gomba, ak\u00e1rcsak a fenti s\u00f6t\u00e9tpikkelyes tusk\u00f3gomba is ide tartozik) kiv\u00e9tel\u00e9vel a legt\u00f6bb a fonalas gomba sejtei t\u00f6bbmagv\u00faak. Ezekn\u00e9l az egyszer\u0171bb gomb\u00e1kn\u00e1l a n\u00f6vekv\u0151 mic\u00e9lium cs\u00facsi sejtjeiben ak\u00e1r 50 sejtmag is el\u0151fordulhat, s\u0151t, a p\u00f3rusos har\u00e1ntfalon (t\u00f6ml\u0151sgomb\u00e1k) kereszt\u00fcl a sejtmag is \u00e1tker\u00fclhet m\u00e1s sejtekbe, illetve m\u00e1s csoportokn\u00e1l nincs is har\u00e1ntfal a fonalakban (petesp\u00f3r\u00e1s, rajz\u00f3sp\u00f3r\u00e1s \u00e9s j\u00e1romsp\u00f3r\u00e1s gomb\u00e1k). Az al\u00e1bbi vide\u00f3n a z\u00f6ld fluoreszcens feh\u00e9rj\u00e9vel jel\u00f6lt sejtmagvak \u00e1ramal\u00e1sa figyelhet\u0151 meg. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><object height=\"344\" width=\"425\"><param name=\"movie\" value=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/v\/WpgAA1mh7Io&amp;hl=en&amp;fs=1\" \/><param name=\"allowFullScreen\" value=\"true\" \/><embed src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/v\/WpgAA1mh7Io&amp;hl=en&amp;fs=1\" type=\"application\/x-shockwave-flash\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" height=\"344\" width=\"425\" \/><\/object><\/p>\n<p><span>A sejtmagok \u00e9s a plazma \u00e1raml\u00e1s\u00e1n kiv\u00fcl a mic\u00e9liumn\u00f6veked\u00e9s modellez\u00e9se is sz\u00e1mos matematikusnak \u00e9s h\u00e1l\u00f3zatkutat\u00f3nak okozott fejt\u00f6r\u00e9st. Maga az el\u00e1gaz\u00e1sok modellez\u00e9se egyenletes t\u00e1panyagell\u00e1totts\u00e1g eset\u00e9n is kihiv\u00e1s, \u00e1m a term\u00e9szetben a k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 t\u00e1panyagok m\u00e1s-m\u00e1s koncentr\u00e1ci\u00f3ban fordulnak el\u0151, illetve a n\u00f6veked\u00e9s h\u00e1rom dimenzi\u00f3ban zajlik. S\u0151t, az egym\u00e1s fel\u00e9 n\u00f6veked\u0151 gombafonalak fuzion\u00e1lhatnak is egym\u00e1ssal, anasztom\u00f3zisokat k\u00e9pezve. <br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul id=\"gallery-1425904670\" class=\"blh-mosaic count-2\">\n<li class=\"image-1\"><a title=\"\" href=\"#gallery-1425904670_1\" onclick=\"return false;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"imgnotext\" src=\"http:\/\/m.cdn.blog.hu\/cr\/criticalbiomass\/post-image\/2015\/03\/model_hypha_growth.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-thumb=\"http:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/media\/post-image\/2015\/03\/model_hypha_growth.jpg?s=xs\"><\/img><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"image-2\"><a title=\"\" href=\"#gallery-1425904670_2\" onclick=\"return false;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"imgnotext\" src=\"http:\/\/m.cdn.blog.hu\/cr\/criticalbiomass\/post-image\/2015\/03\/hyphal_growth.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-thumb=\"http:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/media\/post-image\/2015\/03\/hyphal_growth.jpg?s=xs\"><\/img><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0A gombafonalak t\u00e9rkit\u00f6lt\u0151 szerep\u00e9t haszn\u00e1lja ki Eric Klagenbeek, holland diz\u00e1jner is, aki a 3D nyomtat\u00f3val hoz l\u00e9tre PLA-b\u00f3l (politejsavb\u00f3l, egy biol\u00f3giailag leboml\u00f3 m\u0171anyagb\u00f3l), szalm\u00e1b\u00f3l illetve f\u0171r\u00e9szporb\u00f3l \u00e9s gombasp\u00f3r\u00e1b\u00f3l b\u00fatorokat. A sp\u00f3r\u00e1b\u00f3l kin\u00f6b\u0151 gombafonalak 1-2 h\u00e9t alatt \u00e1tsz\u00f6vik a b\u00fator keret\u00e9t, mintegy megszil\u00e1rditva \u00e9s \u00f6sszeragasztva azt, \u00e9s a v\u00e9geredm\u00e9ny egy gomba term\u0151testeket hoz\u00f3, \u00e9l\u0151 b\u00fatordarab, ami a v\u00e9g\u00e9n teljesen lebonthat\u00f3 &#8222;szemetet&#8221; eredm\u00e9nyez.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/88290631\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"\" mozallowfullscreen=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"238\" width=\"425\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Folyt k\u00f6v: mycorrhiza<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1998-ig egy 33,5 m\u00e9teres, 200 tonn\u00e1s b\u00e1lna illetve egy 115 m\u00e9teres v\u00f6r\u00f6sfeny\u0151 osztozott a vil\u00e1g ma is \u00e9l\u0151 legnagyobb \u00e9l\u0151l\u00e9nye cimen, att\u00f3l f\u00fcgg\u0151en, hogy a magass\u00e1got vagy a t\u00f6meget vett\u00e9k alapul a nagys\u00e1g meg\u00e1llapit\u00e1sakor. \u00c1m tizenh\u00e9t \u00e9ve leirtak egy olyan &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/?p=7253503\">Egy kattint\u00e1s ide a folytat\u00e1shoz&#8230;. <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,1],"tags":[51],"class_list":["post-7253503","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mikrobiologia","category-uncategorized","tag-gomba"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7253503","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7253503"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7253503\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7253503"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7253503"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7253503"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}