{"id":5551992,"date":"2013-10-04T21:39:38","date_gmt":"2013-10-04T19:39:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/2013\/10\/04\/pimp_my_brain"},"modified":"2013-10-04T21:39:38","modified_gmt":"2013-10-04T19:39:38","slug":"pimp_my_brain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/?p=5551992","title":{"rendered":"Pimp my brain"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"imgright\" style=\"margin-left: 5px;\" src=\"http:\/\/m.cdn.blog.hu\/cr\/criticalbiomass\/image\/post_img\/2013\/10\/npp2011225f1.jpg\" alt=\"npp2011225f1.jpg\" height=\"243\" width=\"201\" \/>Most j\u00f6v\u00f6k a delfti TEDx konferenci\u00e1r\u00f3l, ahol Maarten Frens, rotterdami neurol\u00f3gus professzor a transzkrani\u00e1lis egyen\u00e1ram\u00fa agystimul\u00e1ci\u00f3r\u00f3l (transcranial direct current stimulation &#8211; TDCS) tartott egy igencsak \u00e9rdekes el\u0151ad\u00e1st.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A kezel\u00e9s sor\u00e1n a kopony\u00e1ra helyezett elektr\u00f3d\u00e1k r\u00e9v\u00e9n az agy gyenge egyen\u00e1ram\u00fa elektromos \u00e1ramot kap, \u00e9s ennek hat\u00e1s\u00e1ra megv\u00e1ltozik az elektr\u00f3d alatti agyter\u00fclet neuronjainak viselked\u00e9se. Ha az an\u00f3dot helyezik egy bizonyos agyter\u00fclet f\u00f6l\u00e9, akkor az idegsejtek membr\u00e1nja depolariz\u00e1l\u00f3dik, m\u00edg a kat\u00f3d hat\u00e1s\u00e1ra hiperpolariz\u00e1l\u00f3dik. Vagyis az an\u00f3d eset\u00e9ben a kezel\u00e9s az idegsejtek extra aktivit\u00e1s\u00e1t, m\u00edg a kat\u00f3dos stimul\u00e1ci\u00f3 az agyfunkci\u00f3k blokkol\u00e1s\u00e1t eredm\u00e9nyezi. A kezel\u00e9s eredm\u00e9nye f\u00fcgg att\u00f3l, hogy melyik agyter\u00fclet fel\u00e9 helyezik az elektr\u00f3d\u00e1t, azon bel\u00fcl is a pozit\u00edv vagy a negat\u00edv p\u00f3lust, valamint az sem mindegy, hogy mennyi ideig \u00e9s mekkora \u00e1ramer\u0151ss\u00e9ggel folyik a kezel\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Frens csoportja egereken vizsg\u00e1lta a TDCS \u00faj motoros funkci\u00f3k tanul\u00e1s\u00e1ra gyakorolt hat\u00e1s\u00e1t. A cerebellum f\u00f6l\u00e9 helyezett an\u00f3dos kezel\u00e9s hat\u00e1s\u00e1ra az egerek gyorsabban tanultak meg egy \u00faj mozg\u00e1sform\u00e1t. A depolariz\u00e1ci\u00f3 ak\u00e1r egy \u00f3r\u00e1n \u00e1t megmaradt a stimul\u00e1lt agyter\u00fcleten, vagyis az elektromos \u00e1ram hat\u00e1s\u00e1ra valamilyen k\u00e9miai v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt a neuronokban. El\u0151z\u0151 k\u00eds\u00e9rletek m\u00e1r kimutatt\u00e1k, hogy az elektromos stimul\u00e1ci\u00f3 hat\u00e1s\u00e1ra az \u00fagynevezett BDNF (brain derived neutrotrophic factor) feh\u00e9rje szintje n\u0151tt meg az idegsejtekben [1], amely egy\u00e9bk\u00e9nt a tanul\u00e1s gyorsas\u00e1g\u00e1t szab\u00e1lyz\u00f3 szinaptikus plaszticit\u00e1s\u00e9rt felel\u0151s. Frens azt \u00e1ll\u00edtja, hogy BDNF- mut\u00e1ns egerekn\u00e9l nem tapasztalt\u00e1k a TDCS tanul\u00e1sseg\u00edt\u0151 hat\u00e1s\u00e1t, \u00edgy most m\u00e1r t\u00f6bb, mint val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171, hogy ez a feh\u00e9rje \u00e1ll az agystimul\u00e1ci\u00f3 tanul\u00e1st seg\u00edt\u0151 hat\u00e1sa m\u00f6g\u00f6tt.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A motoros funkci\u00f3k tanul\u00e1s\u00e1n k\u00edv\u00fcl az egyen\u00e1ram\u00fa agystimul\u00e1ci\u00f3 hat\u00e1s\u00e1t kimutatt\u00e1k depresszi\u00f3 kezel\u00e9s\u00e9ben [2], gerincs\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9s okozta kr\u00f3nikus f\u00e1jdalom cs\u00f6kkent\u00e9s\u00e9ben [3], illetve stroke ut\u00e1ni rehabilit\u00e1ci\u00f3 felgyors\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ban is [4]. A Scientific American 2010-es <a target=\"_self\" href=\"http:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article.cfm?id=amping-up-brain-function\" rel=\"noopener\">cikke<\/a> ut\u00e1n, ami t\u00f6bbek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt arr\u00f3l sz\u00e1mol be, hogy TDCS kezel\u00e9s hat\u00e1s\u00e1ra az Air Force pil\u00f3t\u00e1i sokkal gyorsabban tanult\u00e1k meg a t\u00e1mad\u00f3 dr\u00f3nok kezel\u00e9s\u00e9t (pl hogy hogyan v\u00e1lassz\u00e1k ki a c\u00e9lpontot egy complex radark\u00e9pr\u0151l), a TDCS-t sokan egy tanul\u00e1st seg\u00edt\u0151 csodaeszk\u00f6znek tartj\u00e1k. A m\u00f3dszer h\u00edvei Csin\u00e1ld magad mozgalom keret\u00e9ben le\u00edr\u00e1sokat k\u00edn\u00e1lnak, ami alapj\u00e1n b\u00e1rki \u00f6ssze tud egy TDSC-k\u00e9sz\u00fcl\u00e9ket dobni, s\u0151t, Amerik\u00e1ban kereskedelmi forgalomban is van egy, sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pes j\u00e1t\u00e9kosok k\u00e9pess\u00e9geit serket\u0151 verzi\u00f3ja. \u00c1m Frens \u00f3va int mindenkit az otthoni, saj\u00e1t mag\u00e1n val\u00f3 k\u00eds\u00e9rletez\u00e9st\u0151l, egyr\u00e9szt mivel nem vesz\u00e9lytelen, m\u00e1sr\u00e9szt mert az eddigi k\u00eds\u00e9rletek alapj\u00e1n a vizsg\u00e1kra val\u00f3 felk\u00e9sz\u00fcl\u00e9sben e m\u00f3dszer nem hat\u00e1sos.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">az \u00e1bra forr\u00e1sa: nature.com <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. Fritsch, B., et al., Direct current stimulation promotes BDNF-dependent synaptic plasticity: potential implications for motor learning. Neuron. 66(2): p. 198-204.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. Kalu, U.G., et al., Transcranial direct current stimulation in the treatment of major depression: a meta-analysis. Psychol Med. 42(9): p. 1791-800.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. Wrigley, P.J., et al., Longstanding neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury is refractory to transcranial direct current stimulation: A randomized controlled trial. Pain. 154(10): p. 2178-84.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4. Bastani, A. and S. Jaberzadeh, Does anodal transcranial direct current stimulation enhance excitability of the motor cortex and motor function in healthy individuals and subjects with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Neurophysiol. 123(4): p. 644-57.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Most j\u00f6v\u00f6k a delfti TEDx konferenci\u00e1r\u00f3l, ahol Maarten Frens, rotterdami neurol\u00f3gus professzor a transzkrani\u00e1lis egyen\u00e1ram\u00fa agystimul\u00e1ci\u00f3r\u00f3l (transcranial direct current stimulation &#8211; TDCS) tartott egy igencsak \u00e9rdekes el\u0151ad\u00e1st. A kezel\u00e9s sor\u00e1n a kopony\u00e1ra helyezett elektr\u00f3d\u00e1k r\u00e9v\u00e9n az agy gyenge egyen\u00e1ram\u00fa elektromos &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/?p=5551992\">Egy kattint\u00e1s ide a folytat\u00e1shoz&#8230;. <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[74,260],"class_list":["post-5551992","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-agy","tag-tdcs"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5551992","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5551992"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5551992\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5551992"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5551992"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5551992"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}