{"id":5006137,"date":"2012-10-08T14:45:07","date_gmt":"2012-10-08T12:45:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/2012\/10\/08\/orvosi_nobel_dij_2012_klonok_es_ossejtek"},"modified":"2012-10-08T14:45:07","modified_gmt":"2012-10-08T12:45:07","slug":"orvosi_nobel_dij_2012_klonok_es_ossejtek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/?p=5006137","title":{"rendered":"Orvosi Nobel d\u00edj 2012 &#8211; Kl\u00f3nok \u00e9s \u0151ssejtek"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img class=\"blossom-image-align-right\" src=\"http:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/media\/image\/201210\/2012-med_nobel.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/>A 2012-es orvosi Nobel d\u00edj meg\u00e9rdemelt helyre ker\u00fclt. Az egyik d\u00edjazott, <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Gurdon\">John Gurdon<\/a> m\u00e1r \u00e9let\u00e9ben legenda st\u00e1tuszba ker\u00fclt (Cambridge <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gurdon.cam.ac.uk\/\">egyik legjob int\u00e9zete<\/a> &#8211; ahol \u0151 is dolgozik &#8211; m\u00e1r \u00e9vek \u00f3ta a nev\u00e9t viseli), a m\u00e1sik szem\u00e9ly d\u00edjaz\u00e1sa pedig csak id\u0151 k\u00e9rd\u00e9se volt, ezzel mindenki egyet\u00e9rtett.<\/p>\n<p>John Gurdon volt az els\u0151 szem\u00e9ly, aki bebizny\u00edtotta, hogy megfelel\u0151 k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt egy differenci\u00e1l\u00f3dott testi sejt is k\u00e9pes egy eg\u00e9sz embri\u00f3 l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s\u00e1ra &#8211; ehhez afrikai karmosb\u00e9k\u00e1k b\u00e9lsejtjeinek sejtmagj\u00e1t <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/nature\/journal\/v181\/n4606\/pdf\/181424a0.pdf\">\u00fcltette be<\/a> sejtmagtalan\u00edtott petesetj\u00fckbe, \u00e9s egy norm\u00e1lis b\u00e9k\u00e1t (az eredeti kl\u00f3nj\u00e1t) kapott. \u00c9vtizedekkel k\u00e9s\u0151bb ugyanezzel a m\u00f3dszerrel hozt\u00e1k l\u00e9tre <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dolly_(sheep)\">Dollyt<\/a>, az els\u0151 kl\u00f3nozott eml\u0151st, \u00e9s hasonl\u00f3 m\u00f3dszereket pr\u00f3b\u00e1ltak haszn\u00e1lni nyulak, macsk\u00e1k, kuty\u00e1k \u00e9s majmok kl\u00f3noz\u00e1s\u00e1n\u00e1l is. (Gurdonnal <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0960982203006845\">itt olvashat\u00f3<\/a> egy j\u00f3pofa besz\u00e9lget\u00e9s, a kl\u00f3noz\u00e1s &#8211; vagy szaknyelven &#8220;sejtmag transzfer&#8221; &#8211; t\u00f6rt\u00e9nete, pedig <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pnas.org\/site\/misc\/classics4.shtml\">itt ismerhet\u0151 meg<\/a>.)<\/p>\n<p>Ahogy egyre plauzibilisabb\u00e1 v\u00e1lt az emberi kl\u00f3noz\u00e1s, term\u00e9szetesen \u00fagy n\u00f6vekedett az ellen\u00e1ll\u00e1s a technol\u00f3gi\u00e1val szemben &#8211; hi\u00e1ba volt hatalmas gy\u00f3gy\u00e1szati potenci\u00e1l a kl\u00f3n-alap\u00fa \u0151ssejtvonalak kialak\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ban.<\/p>\n<p>Az elm\u00e9rgesed\u0151 vit\u00e1t v\u00e9g\u00fcl a m\u00e1sik d\u00edjazott, <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shinya_Yamanaka\">Shinya Yamanaka<\/a> felfedez\u00e9se oldotta fel. Yamanaka csoportja azkat a faktorokat kereste, amelyek k\u00fcl\u00f6nlegess\u00e9 teszik a petesejtet, vagy legal\u00e1bb is ut\u00e1nozni tudj\u00e1k annak k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges milli\u0151j\u00e9t, \u00e9s a differenci\u00e1lt sejtprogram &#8220;reboot&#8221;-ol\u00e1s\u00e1val ism\u00e9t lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi, hogy b\u00e1rmiv\u00e9 \u00e1talakulhat\u00f3 \u0151ssejtekk\u00e9 v\u00e1lnak. Az \u00edgy felfedezett <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0092867406009767\">Yamanaka faktorok<\/a> bevitel\u00e9vel m\u00e1ra sz\u00e1mos sejtt\u00edpusb\u00f3l \u00fan. induk\u00e1lt pluripotens \u0151ssejt (iPS) alak\u00edthat\u00f3 ki, ami ma az \u0151ssejt-alap\u00fa ter\u00e1pi\u00e1k els\u0151sz\u00e1m\u00fa r\u00e9sztvev\u0151je.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A 2012-es orvosi Nobel d\u00edj meg\u00e9rdemelt helyre ker\u00fclt. Az egyik d\u00edjazott, John Gurdon m\u00e1r \u00e9let\u00e9ben legenda st\u00e1tuszba ker\u00fclt (Cambridge egyik legjob int\u00e9zete &#8211; ahol \u0151 is dolgozik &#8211; m\u00e1r \u00e9vek \u00f3ta a nev\u00e9t viseli), a m\u00e1sik szem\u00e9ly d\u00edjaz\u00e1sa pedig csak &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/?p=5006137\">Egy kattint\u00e1s ide a folytat\u00e1shoz&#8230;. <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5006137"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5006137"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5006137\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5006137"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5006137"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5006137"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}