{"id":5006058,"date":"2011-09-09T23:36:33","date_gmt":"2011-09-09T21:36:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/2011\/09\/09\/a_kiterjesztett_fenotipus"},"modified":"2011-09-09T23:36:33","modified_gmt":"2011-09-09T21:36:33","slug":"a_kiterjesztett_fenotipus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/?p=5006058","title":{"rendered":"A kiterjesztett fenot\u00edpus"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"blossom-image-align-right\" src=\"http:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/media\/image\/201109\/gypsy_moth-baculovirus.gif\" alt=\"\" \/>A k\u00f6zelm\u00faltban az egerek <em>Toxoplasma<\/em> fert\u0151z\u00e9s\u00e9nek aprop\u00f3j\u00e1n <a href=\"http:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/media\/image\/201109\/\">m\u00e1r belev\u00e1gtunk<\/a> a gazdaszervezetet zombis\u00edt\u00f3 parazit\u00e1k t\u00e9mak\u00f6r\u00e9be, \u00e9s egy ma megjelent r\u00f6vidke cikk ugyanebbe a t\u00e9mak\u00f6rbe sz\u00e1ll\u00edt egy remek p\u00e9ld\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p>Ez\u00fattal a szenved\u0151 alany az eur\u00f3pai gyapjaslepke, \u00e9s a &#8222;parazita&#8221; az \u00e1llatot megfert\u0151z\u0151 baculvirus. A fert\u0151z\u00e9s hat\u00e1s\u00e1ra a lepke l\u00e1rv\u00e1i, ahelyett, hogy napk\u00f6zben a madarak szeme el\u0151l rejtve a f\u00f6ld\u00f6n hever\u0151 levelek alatt keresn\u00e9nek mened\u00e9ket, kim\u00e1sznak egy magas helyre. Ott azt\u00e1n elpusztulnak (gyakorlatilag sz\u00e9tesnek) \u00e9s milli\u00f3nyi \u00faj v\u00edrust bocs\u00e1tanak ki a k\u00f6rnyezetbe, amelyek azt\u00e1n lehullva a f\u00f6ldre \u00faj \u00e1llatokat fert\u0151zhetnek meg.<\/p>\n<p>A viselked\u00e9s kulcsa, \u00fagy t\u0171nik, egy <em>egt<\/em> nev\u0171 g\u00e9n, amely a vedl\u00e9si hormont, az ecdyzont m\u00f3dos\u00edt\u00f3 (\u00edgy m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelenn\u00e9 tev\u0151) enzimet k\u00f3dol. Az emelkedett ecdyzon szint hat\u00e1s\u00e1ra az \u00e1llat \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban egy csendes zugot keres, ahol a vedl\u00e9st megejtheti, ha azonban a hormon szintje nem \u00e9r el egy kritikus \u00e9rt\u00e9ket, a l\u00e1rva a f\u00e1n marad, hogy t\u00e1pl\u00e1lkozhasson.<\/p>\n<p>A k\u00eds\u00e9rlet sor\u00e1n m\u0171anyag \u00fcvegekbe helyezt\u00e9k a l\u00e1rv\u00e1kat \u00e9s figyelt\u00e9k, hogy a norm\u00e1lis (A21 vagy 122b) ill. m\u00f3dos\u00edtott v\u00edrusok hat\u00e1s\u00e1ra milyen magasra m\u00e1sznak. Ha a v\u00edrus genomb\u00f3l kivett\u00e9k az EGT-t k\u00f3dol\u00f3 szakaszt (EGT-) \u00e9s valami m\u00e1st tettek a hely\u00e9re az \u00e1llatok szignifik\u00e1nsan kevesebbet m\u00e1sztak, mint egy\u00e9bk\u00e9nt. Ha pedig visszatett\u00e9k az eredeti g\u00e9nt (ResEGT), a viselked\u00e9s vissza\u00e1llt. L\u00e9nyeges lesz\u00f6gezni, hogy az <em>egt<\/em> g\u00e9n jelenl\u00e9t\u00e9t\u0151l f\u00fcggetlen\u00fcl a v\u00edrusok tov\u00e1bbra is fert\u0151z\u0151k\u00e9pesek maradtak, EGT nem kell a v\u00edrus fert\u0151z\u0151k\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u00e9hez \u00e9s replik\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1hoz.<\/p>\n<p>Vagyis egy olyan g\u00e9nt leltek, ami nem hordoz\u00f3j\u00e1ban, a v\u00edrusban fejti ki a hat\u00e1s\u00e1t, hanem annak gazd\u00e1j\u00e1ban, a lepk\u00e9ben. \u00cdgy a jelens\u00e9g j\u00f3 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ja lesz a dawkinsi &#8222;<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Extended_Phenotype\">kiterjesztett fenot\u00edpus<\/a>&#8221; fogalm\u00e1nak.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: xx-small;\"> <strong>Hoover K, Grove, M, Gardner M, Hughes DP, McNeil J, Slavicek J<\/strong> (2011) A Gene for an Extended Phenotype <em>Science<\/em> <strong>333<\/strong>:1401. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A k\u00f6zelm\u00faltban az egerek Toxoplasma fert\u0151z\u00e9s\u00e9nek aprop\u00f3j\u00e1n m\u00e1r belev\u00e1gtunk a gazdaszervezetet zombis\u00edt\u00f3 parazit\u00e1k t\u00e9mak\u00f6r\u00e9be, \u00e9s egy ma megjelent r\u00f6vidke cikk ugyanebbe a t\u00e9mak\u00f6rbe sz\u00e1ll\u00edt egy remek p\u00e9ld\u00e1t. Ez\u00fattal a szenved\u0151 alany az eur\u00f3pai gyapjaslepke, \u00e9s a &#8222;parazita&#8221; az \u00e1llatot megfert\u0151z\u0151 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/?p=5006058\">Egy kattint\u00e1s ide a folytat\u00e1shoz&#8230;. <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5006058","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5006058","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5006058"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5006058\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5006058"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5006058"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5006058"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}