{"id":5005535,"date":"2007-01-17T13:25:49","date_gmt":"2007-01-17T12:25:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/2007\/01\/17\/negy_szem_tobbet_lat"},"modified":"2007-01-17T13:25:49","modified_gmt":"2007-01-17T12:25:49","slug":"negy_szem_tobbet_lat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/?p=5005535","title":{"rendered":"&#8220;N\u00e9gy szem&#8221; t\u00f6bbet l\u00e1t"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img src=\"http:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/media\/image\/200701\/Anableps.jpg\" class=\"imgleft\" \/>\u00c9s ha m\u00e1r a k\u00f6zelm\u00faltban <a href=\"http:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/media\/image\/200701\/\">k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges halakr\u00f3l<\/a> esett sz\u00f3, \u00e1lljon itt m\u00e9g egy oszlopos \u00e9s uszonyos p\u00e9ld\u00e1ja a term\u00e9szetes szelekci\u00f3 jellegform\u00e1l\u00f3 erej\u00e9nek.<\/p>\n<p>A leveg\u0151ben \u00e9s a v\u00edzben val\u00f3 l\u00e1t\u00e1s kicsit k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 adapt\u00e1ci\u00f3t ig\u00e9nyel. A k\u00e9t k\u00f6zeg t\u00f6r\u00e9smutat\u00f3ja is elt\u00e9r\u0151, r\u00e1ad\u00e1sul a v\u00edzben a szem kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 van kit\u00e9ve az UV sug\u00e1rz\u00e1s rombol\u00f3 erej\u00e9nek, \u00edgy kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 kell v\u00e9dekeznie ellene. Neh\u00e9z helyzetben van h\u00e1t az olyan (gerinces) \u00e9l\u0151l\u00e9ny, aki egy kicsit mindk\u00e9t k\u00f6zegben szeretne otthonosan mozogni, hiszen azt gondoln\u00e1nk, hogy vagy k\u00e9t extra szemet lesz k\u00e9nytelen &#8220;n\u00f6veszteni&#8221;, hogy a m\u00e1sik k\u00f6zegben is j\u00f3l l\u00e1sson, vagy valamilyen m\u00f3don v\u00e1lasztania kell, melyik k\u00f6zegben akar jobban l\u00e1tni.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"http:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/media\/image\/200701\/anableps-eye_sketch.gif\" class=\"imgright\" hspace=\"5\" vspace=\"5\" \/>De ha \u00edgy gondoln\u00e1nk, rosszul gondoln\u00e1nk, mert van p\u00e9lda arra, hogy mik\u00e9ppen lehet mindk\u00e9t vil\u00e1got gond n\u00e9lk\u00fcl szemmel tartani. Ez a p\u00e9lda pedig egy k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl a v\u00edzfelsz\u00edn alatt \u00e9l\u0151, kis d\u00e9l-amerikai hal, az <i>Anableps anableps<\/i>, azaz helyi zsargonban &#8220;cuatro ojos&#8221;, a n\u00e9gyszem\u0171 hal.<\/p>\n<p>A nev\u00e9vel ellent\u00e9tben a halnak term\u00e9szetesen k\u00e9t szeme van, de mindegyik k\u00f6zep\u00e9n (a v\u00edzfelsz\u00edn magass\u00e1g\u00e1ban) egy kis pigment folt tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3, ami azt az ill\u00fazi\u00f3t kelti, mintha a halacsk\u00e1nak mindk\u00e9t oldalon 2-2 szeme lenne egym\u00e1s felett. Az <i>Anableps<\/i> szem\u00e9ben k\u00e9t fontos adapt\u00e1ci\u00f3ra lelhet\u00fcnk. Egyr\u00e9szt az el\u0151bb eml\u00edtett pigment folt alatt \u00e9s felett lev\u0151 szaruh\u00e1rtya vastags\u00e1ga elt\u00e9r\u0151: a fels\u0151 (leveg\u0151n lev\u0151) szaruh\u00e1rtya vastagabb, \u00edgy jobban v\u00e9d mind az esetleges kisz\u00e1rad\u00e1st\u00f3l, mind az UV sug\u00e1rz\u00e1st\u00f3l. M\u00e1sr\u00e9szt (\u00e9s ez az \u00e9rdekesebb) a szemlencse nem g\u00f6mb, hanem elny\u00falt ovoid alak\u00fa: ez pedig azt teszi lehet\u0151v\u00e9, hogy mind a v\u00edzb\u0151l, mind a leveg\u0151b\u0151l \u00e9rkez\u0151 f\u00e9nysugarak optim\u00e1lis g\u00f6rb\u00fclet\u0171 lencs\u00e9ben t\u00f6rnek meg \u00e9s alkotnak kv\u00e1zi ide\u00e1lis k\u00e9pet a retin\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p><i>(A k\u00e9pek az <a href=\"http:\/\/ebiomedia.com\/gall\/eyes\/4eye.html\">eBioMEDIA oldal\u00e1r\u00f3l<\/a> sz\u00e1rmaznak.) <\/i><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span size=\"1\" style=\"font-size: xx-small;\"> <strong>Swamynathan SK, Crawford MA, Robison WG Jr, Kanungo J, Piatigorsky J.<\/strong> (2003) Adaptive differences in the structure and macromolecular compositions of the air and water corneas of the &#8220;four-eyed&#8221; fish (<i>Anableps anableps<\/i>). <i>FASEB J.<\/i> <strong>17<\/strong>: 1996-2005.<br \/> <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c9s ha m\u00e1r a k\u00f6zelm\u00faltban k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges halakr\u00f3l esett sz\u00f3, \u00e1lljon itt m\u00e9g egy oszlopos \u00e9s uszonyos p\u00e9ld\u00e1ja a term\u00e9szetes szelekci\u00f3 jellegform\u00e1l\u00f3 erej\u00e9nek. A leveg\u0151ben \u00e9s a v\u00edzben val\u00f3 l\u00e1t\u00e1s kicsit k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 adapt\u00e1ci\u00f3t ig\u00e9nyel. A k\u00e9t k\u00f6zeg t\u00f6r\u00e9smutat\u00f3ja is elt\u00e9r\u0151, r\u00e1ad\u00e1sul &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/?p=5005535\">Egy kattint\u00e1s ide a folytat\u00e1shoz&#8230;. <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3,1],"tags":[25],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5005535"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5005535"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5005535\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5005535"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5005535"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5005535"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}