{"id":5005485,"date":"2006-10-16T15:28:59","date_gmt":"2006-10-16T13:28:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/2006\/10\/16\/minimalistak_1"},"modified":"2006-10-16T15:28:59","modified_gmt":"2006-10-16T13:28:59","slug":"minimalistak_1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/?p=5005485","title":{"rendered":"Minimalist\u00e1k"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/media\/image\/200610\/carsonella-bacteriocyte.jpg\" align=\"left\" hspace=\"5\" vspace=\"3\" \/><br \/>\nA biotechnol\u00f3giai kutat\u00e1sok egyik Szent Gr\u00e1lja napjainkban a &quot;minim\u00e1lis bakteri\u00e1lis genom&quot; le\u00edr\u00e1sa, illetve szintetiz\u00e1l\u00e1sa. Egy ilyen genom csak azokat a g\u00e9neket foglaln\u00e1 mag\u00e1ba, amelyek elengedhetetlenek egy bakt\u00e1rium \u00e9letben marad\u00e1s\u00e1hoz. Hogy melyek ezek a g\u00e9nek az term\u00e9szetesen \u00f6nmag\u00e1ban is \u00e9rdekes k\u00e9rd\u00e9s, de a kutat\u00e1soknak van egy jelent\u0151s anyagi vonzata is: a minim\u00e1lgenom\u00fa bakt\u00e9rium ide\u00e1lis alanya lenne a biotechnol\u00f3giai m\u00f3dos\u00edt\u00e1soknak. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul \u00faj \u00fatvonalakat &quot;belet\u00e1pl\u00e1lva&quot; k\u00e9pes lehetne szem\u00e9t lebont\u00e1s\u00e1val hidrog\u00e9nt el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edtani, amit azt\u00e1n \u00fczemanyagk\u00e9nt lehetne tov\u00e1bb hasznos\u00edtani &#8211; na persze nem ingyen. Tal\u00e1n nem is v\u00e9letlen, hogy a nem \u00e9ppen altruizmus\u00e1r\u00f3l h\u00edres Craig Venter <a href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/1\/hi\/sci\/tech\/4636121.stm\">m\u00e1r \u00e9vek \u00f3ta pr\u00f3b\u00e1lozik<\/a> egy ilyen genom el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1val.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nA fentiek miatt \u00f6vezi mindig izgalom egy-egy viszonylag kism\u00e9ret\u0171 bakteri\u00e1lis genom megszekven\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t: h\u00e1tha az \u00faj ismeret k\u00f6zelebb visz a m\u00e1gikus &quot;minim\u00e1l genom&quot; felismer\u00e9s\u00e9hez. Most \u00e9ppen egy \u00faj rekordert k\u00f6sz\u00f6nthet\u00fcnk: a lev\u00e9lbolh\u00e1k (<em>Psyllidae<\/em>) egyik endoszimbiont\u00e1ja a <em>Carsonella rudii<\/em> mind\u00f6ssze 160.000 b\u00e1zisp\u00e1r hossz\u00fas\u00e1g\u00fa genetikai \u00e1llom\u00e1nnyal rendelkezik, ami mind\u00f6ssze a harmada az eddig ismert legr\u00f6videbb genomnak.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nA bakt\u00e9rium jelenl\u00e9te egy\u00e9bk\u00e9nt igen fontos a rovar sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra is, hiszen saj\u00e1t di\u00e9t\u00e1ja h\u00edj\u00e1n van j\u00f3p\u00e1r fontos aminosavnak \u00e9s m\u00e1s t\u00e1panyagnak, ezeket pedig az &quot;alb\u00e9rlet\u00e9rt&quot; cser\u00e9ben a bakt\u00e9rium \u00e1ll\u00edtja el\u0151. Ennek megfelel\u0151en &quot;megbecs\u00fcl\u00e9snek&quot; is \u00f6rvend, hiszen a rovar specializ\u00e1lt sejteket, \u00fan. bakteriocit\u00e1kat hoz l\u00e9tre a baci teny\u00e9szt\u00e9s\u00e9re (a mell\u00e9kelt \u00e1br\u00e1n l\u00e1that\u00f3 egy ilyen: a vil\u00e1gosk\u00e9k sejtmag k\u00f6r\u00fcl s\u00f6t\u00e9tk\u00e9ben sorakoznak a sejtben lak\u00f3 bak\u00e9triumok).\n<\/p>\n<p>\nA minim\u00e1lis genom nem nagyon enged pazarl\u00e1st, nem nagyon van nyoma nem k\u00f3dol\u00f3 szakaszoknak a <em>Crasonella<\/em> genomj\u00e1ban: 97%-a k\u00f3dol\u00f3 funkci\u00f3t t\u00f6lt be (eg\u00e9sz pontosan 182 k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 feh\u00e9rj\u00e9t k\u00f3dol &#8211; csak ir\u00e1nymutat\u00f3k\u00e9nt: az elm\u00e9leti minimum ma 151 k\u00f6r\u00fcl van).\n<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><font size=\"1\"><br \/>\n<strong>Nakabachi, A, Yamashita, A, Toh, H, Ishikawa, H, Dunbar, HE, Moran, NA, Hattori, M<\/strong> (2006) The 160-Kilobase Genome of the Bacterial Endosymbiont <em>Carsonella<\/em>. <em>Science<\/em> <strong>314<\/strong>: 267.<br \/>\n<\/font><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A biotechnol\u00f3giai kutat\u00e1sok egyik Szent Gr\u00e1lja napjainkban a &quot;minim\u00e1lis bakteri\u00e1lis genom&quot; le\u00edr\u00e1sa, illetve szintetiz\u00e1l\u00e1sa. Egy ilyen genom csak azokat a g\u00e9neket foglaln\u00e1 mag\u00e1ba, amelyek elengedhetetlenek egy bakt\u00e1rium \u00e9letben marad\u00e1s\u00e1hoz. Hogy melyek ezek a g\u00e9nek az term\u00e9szetesen \u00f6nmag\u00e1ban is \u00e9rdekes k\u00e9rd\u00e9s, &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/?p=5005485\">Egy kattint\u00e1s ide a folytat\u00e1shoz&#8230;. <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5005485","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5005485","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5005485"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5005485\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5005485"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5005485"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5005485"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}