{"id":10262252,"date":"2016-08-11T22:15:11","date_gmt":"2016-08-11T20:15:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.blog.hu\/2016\/08\/11\/uszo_matuzsalemek"},"modified":"2016-08-11T22:15:11","modified_gmt":"2016-08-11T20:15:11","slug":"uszo_matuzsalemek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/?p=10262252","title":{"rendered":"\u00dasz\u00f3 matuzs\u00e1lemek"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/m.blog.hu\/cr\/criticalbiomass\/post-image\/2016\/08\/3-greenland-shark1.jpg\" alt=\"3-greenland-shark1.jpg\" class=\"imgnotext\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Az \u00f3sz\u00f6vets\u00e9gi sztori szerint Matuzs\u00e1lem k\u00f6zel 1000 \u00e9vig \u00e9lt \u00e9s r\u00f6pke 182 \u00e9ves kor\u00e1ban m\u00e9g \u00e9pp csak belekezdett a csal\u00e1dalap\u00edt\u00e1sba. Val\u00f3di\u00a0<em>Homo sapiens\u00a0<\/em>term\u00e9szetesen soha nem \u00e9lt ilyen hosszan, de igaz\u00e1n\u00a0az \u00e1llatvil\u00e1gban, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen a gerincesek k\u00f6zt, sem ismer\u00fcnk fajokat, amelyek ezt megk\u00f6zel\u00edten\u00e9k.\u00a0Tekn\u0151s\u00f6k, gr\u00f6nlandi b\u00e1ln\u00e1k, emberhalak (amelyek val\u00f3j\u00e1ban barlangi vakg\u0151t\u00e9k) eset\u00e9ben nem ritka a sz\u00e1z \u00e9v feletti kor, de a teljes term\u00e9szetess\u00e9ggel meg\u00e9lt\u00a0<em>sok sz\u00e1z \u00e9v<\/em> feletti kor az\u00e9rt azokra sem jellemz\u0151.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Ennek tudat\u00e1ban kell az \u00faj gerinces rekorderre, a gr\u00f6nlandi c\u00e1p\u00e1ra (<i>Somniosus microcephalus<\/i>) tekinteni. Az aktu\u00e1lis\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/353\/6300\/702\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Science<\/em> cikke szerint<\/a> ezek az \u00e1llatok ugyanis laz\u00e1n el\u00e9lnek 200 \u00e9ven t\u00fal is &#8211; a tanulm\u00e1ny rekordere egy\u00a0<span>392 \u00b1 120 \u00e9ves egyed. Persze ekkora\u00a0sz\u00f3r\u00e1s nem trivi\u00e1lis, ami r\u00e9szben a metodol\u00f3gi\u00e1b\u00f3l ered: a szemlencs\u00e9k sejtmagjaiban a DNS sz\u00e9nizot\u00f3p \u00f6sszet\u00e9tel\u00e9t n\u00e9zt\u00e9k, \u00e9s ehhez kapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 kalibr\u00e1ci\u00f3s g\u00f6rb\u00e9k seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel becs\u00fclt\u00e9k a korokat. A lencse DNS-e az embrion\u00e1lis kor alatt j\u00f6n l\u00e9tre\u00a0(\u00edgy \u00f6sszet\u00e9tele tk. m\u00e9g az any\u00e1k t\u00e1pl\u00e1lkoz\u00e1s\u00e1t t\u00fckr\u00f6zi, hiszen a sz\u00e9n \u00e9s nitrog\u00e9n atomok a t\u00e1pl\u00e1l\u00e9kkal ker\u00fclnek az anya szervezet\u00e9be), az \u00e1llat \u00e9lete alatt \u00faj atomok gyakorlatilag nem \u00e9p\u00fclnek bele, az izot\u00f3pok leboml\u00e1sa azonban folyamatos. (A 20. sz\u00e1zad k\u00f6zepe t\u00e1j\u00e1n kezd\u0151d\u0151\u00a0atomk\u00eds\u00e9rletek &#8222;mell\u00e9khat\u00e1sak\u00e9nt&#8221; ugr\u00e1sszer\u0171en megn\u0151tt az izot\u00f3pok mennyis\u00e9ge a k\u00e9s\u0151bb sz\u00fcletett \u00e1llatok lencs\u00e9j\u00e9ben is, de ez a kor\u00e1bban sz\u00fcletetteket nem \u00e9rinti.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/m.blog.hu\/cr\/criticalbiomass\/post-image\/2016\/08\/f3_large_1.jpg\" alt=\"f3_large_1.jpg\" class=\"imgnotext\" width=\"500\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00c9s ami a sz\u00f3 szoros \u00e9rtelm\u00e9ben matuzs\u00e1lemekk\u00e9 teszi ezeket az egyedeket az az, hogy a megvizsg\u00e1lt \u00e9s az eml\u00edtett m\u00f3dszer\u00a0szerint kormeghat\u00e1rozott egyedek alapj\u00e1n az ivar\u00e9retts\u00e9ghez is eleve uszkve 150 \u00e9vet v\u00e1rniuk kell&#8230;\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>(<em>A fed\u0151k\u00e9p <a href=\"http:\/\/boredomtherapy.com\/greenland-shark\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">innen<\/a> sz\u00e1rmazik.<\/em>)<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span size=\"1\" style=\"font-size: xx-small;\"> <b>Nielsen B, Hedeholm RB, Heinemeier J, Bushnell PG, et al.<\/b> (2016) Eye lens radiocarbon reveals centuries of longevity in the Greenland shark (<i>Somniosus microcephalus<\/i>). <i>Science<\/i> <b>353(6300)<\/b>: 702-704. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Az \u00f3sz\u00f6vets\u00e9gi sztori szerint Matuzs\u00e1lem k\u00f6zel 1000 \u00e9vig \u00e9lt \u00e9s r\u00f6pke 182 \u00e9ves kor\u00e1ban m\u00e9g \u00e9pp csak belekezdett a csal\u00e1dalap\u00edt\u00e1sba. Val\u00f3di\u00a0Homo sapiens\u00a0term\u00e9szetesen soha nem \u00e9lt ilyen hosszan, de igaz\u00e1n\u00a0az \u00e1llatvil\u00e1gban, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen a gerincesek k\u00f6zt, sem ismer\u00fcnk fajokat, amelyek ezt megk\u00f6zel\u00edten\u00e9k.\u00a0Tekn\u0151s\u00f6k, &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/?p=10262252\">Egy kattint\u00e1s ide a folytat\u00e1shoz&#8230;. <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,1],"tags":[226],"class_list":["post-10262252","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-evolucio","category-uncategorized","tag-elethossz"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10262252","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10262252"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10262252\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10262252"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10262252"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/criticalbiomass.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10262252"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}